Plumbing questions, answered
Where is my main water shutoff valve?
In most homes the main shutoff is where the water line enters the house: often in the garage, a basement or crawlspace, or near the water heater. There is also a shutoff at the meter, usually in a box near the street, which may need a special key. Find yours before you need it and make sure it turns.
Why is my water bill suddenly higher?
A sudden increase without a change in habits usually means a leak. Running toilets are the most common cause. Check the meter with all water off; if it moves, water is going somewhere. Irrigation leaks and hidden supply-line or slab leaks are the next most likely causes.
How long should a water heater last?
It varies with water quality, maintenance and the type of heater. Tank heaters that are flushed periodically and have their anode rod checked tend to last longer. Rust-colored hot water, rumbling noises and moisture around the base are signs that a tank heater is near the end of its life.
Should I use chemical drain cleaners?
It's best to avoid repeated use. Harsh chemicals can damage pipes, especially older ones, and they rarely clear a solid clog completely. They can also splash back on whoever opens the drain next, including a plumber. A plunger, a hand snake or a professional clearing is safer.
What causes low water pressure?
Low pressure at one faucet usually means a clogged aerator or a failing cartridge. Low pressure throughout the house can come from a partly closed valve, a failing pressure-reducing valve, a leak, corroded pipes or a problem on the water provider's side. A plumber can test the pressure at an outdoor spigot to narrow it down.
Is "flushable" wipe really safe to flush?
Many wipes labeled flushable don't break down the way toilet paper does and can contribute to clogs in home plumbing and sewer systems. The safest practice is to flush only toilet paper and put wipes in the trash.
What is a slab leak?
A slab leak is a leak in a water line that runs under a concrete foundation. Signs include warm spots on the floor, the sound of running water, damp flooring and an unexplained jump in the water bill. Repairs can involve opening the slab at the leak or rerouting the line above ground.
Do I need a permit to replace a water heater?
In most cities and counties, yes. Water heater replacement typically requires a permit and inspection, and local rules may require seismic strapping, an expansion tank or specific venting. Ask your plumber whether the permit is included in the price.
Why does my drain smell?
A sewer smell from a rarely used drain often means the trap has dried out; running water for a minute refills it. Persistent smells can point to a venting problem, a cracked pipe or a sewer line issue, and are worth having checked.
How do I prevent frozen pipes?
Insulate pipes in unheated areas such as crawlspaces, garages and attics, disconnect garden hoses and protect outdoor spigots before freezing weather, seal drafts near pipes, and keep the house heated when you're away. During hard freezes, opening cabinet doors under sinks on outside walls helps warm air reach the pipes.
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